When it comes to choosing hardwood flooring for your home, it’s crucial to understand the concepts of durability and stability, as they can significantly affect the performance and longevity of your floor. In this blog, we will explore these two important characteristics, focusing on common North American hardwood species, particularly those we offer, to help you make an informed decision for your flooring project.
The Basics of Durability and Stability
Durability refers to a wood species’ ability to withstand wear and tear. It’s often measured using the Janka hardness scale, which gauges how hard the wood is. The Janka test measures the force required to embed a .444-inch steel ball into the wood by half its diameter,and also indicates how hard a species is to saw, mill and nail. While the Janka hardness test is a common measure of wood hardness and indicates how resistant a species is, it’s important to understand that all wood floors are susceptible to some level of damage. Harder woods generally resist dents and damage better than softer varieties, making them more suitable for high-traffic areas where use is expected.
On the other hand, stability is defined by the level of flux, expansion and “movement” a wood will have when exposed to different humidity levels. Certain woods need to be dried longer in the mill, and will need more care and maintenance in your home, to create a more stable presence. Wood is a hygroscopic material, meaning it naturally absorbs, and releases moisture based on the surrounding environment. This characteristic can lead to expansion and contraction, affecting how the flooring performs over time.
Common North American Species
To better understand how different hardwood species compare, let’s take a look at some common North American species we offer:
Hickory: Known for its exceptional durability, Hickory boasts one of the highest Janka ratings, in the flooring options we offer. It is incredibly tough and can withstand typical wear and tear. However, this toughness comes with a caveat; Hickory is also more susceptible to dimensional changes due to environmental factors. Fluctuations in humidity can cause Hickory to expand and contract, which may lead to gapping or cupping over time.
Ash: While not as hard as Hickory, Cendre offers a good balance between durability and stability. It has a moderate Janka rating, making it suitable for most residential applications. Ash is generally more stable than Hickory, but it is still not immune to the effects of humidity and temperature changes.
The Impact of Environmental Factors
Regardless of the species you choose, it’s important to recognize that all hardwoods can be affected by changes in humidity and temperature. The hygroscopic nature of wood means that it will absorb moisture when humidity is high and release it when humidity is low. This leads to the natural shrinking and swelling of the material.
Seasonal changes, indoor heating sources, and varying humidity levels can all contribute to these dimensional changes. Therefore, when selecting a hardwood floor, consider the environment it will be exposed to. For instance, if you live in a region with high or low humidity or significant temperature fluctuations, you may want to prioritize stability over durability, and choose a floor made from Ash instead of Hickory.
Making the Right Choice for Your Home
Ultimately, the choice of hardwood flooring should align with your lifestyle, the specific conditions of your home, and how you intend to use the space. Whether you prioritize durability, stability, or a balance of both, knowing the characteristics of each species will help you make an informed decision that enhances the beauty and performance of your flooring for years to come. Hardwood flooring is a long-term investment, and understanding the differences between durability and stability will not only help you choose the right material but also ensure that your flooring remains beautiful and functional throughout its lifespan.
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